| Yazarlar |
İrfan Yazıcıoğlu
Gazi Üniversitesi, Türkiye |
Doç. Dr. Alev SÖKMEN
Başkent Üniversitesi, Türkiye |
Prof. Dr. Alptekin SÖKMEN
Gazi Üniversitesi, Türkiye |
| Özet |
| An entrepreneur is defined as a person who organizes the production factors such as labour, capital and natural sources and gives action to them. (Tekin, 1999; Tuncer, Ayhan and Varoğlu, 2008). Also, an entrepreneur is defined as a person who always observes the changes in market, finds the demand gaps, builds new demands, notices the changes in demand and adopts the business, gathers all sources and makes investment. They don’t hesitate to compete and take risk, and also don’t avoid taking responsibilities. This process is called as entrepreneurship. (Müftüoğlu, 1993; Tutar and Küçük, 2003; Müftüoğlu and Durukan, 2004; Naktiyok, 2004; Küçük, 2005; Yurtsever et al., 2006; Top, 2006; Özdevecioğlu and Cingöz, 2009). Also, entrepreneur can be defined as a person who finds opportunities in market by taking risks and making innovation and transform them to the profitable business ideas. According to the results of the researches, the features of the successful entrepreneur can be classified as following (Golata, 1987; Kuratko ve Hodgetts 1998; Littunen, 2000; Burns, 2001; Müftüoğlu ve Durukan, 2004; Yeniçeri ve İnce, 2005; Döm, 2006); imagination, stability, to be able to take the risk, to be sophisticate, to be able to apply the strategies, to find opportunities and evaluate them, to have personnel responsibilities, having mission, vision and self confidence, to be independence, creative, to have proactive personality, emotional intelligence. Therefore, an entrepreneur is provider of change (Cunningham and Lischeron, 1991; Kautz, 1991; Naktiyok, 2004; Wickham, 2006). Methodology The aim of this study is to explore entrepreneurial attitude orientation of medium and top level managers of business. In this scope the answers of following questions were looked into. a) What is the level of the entrepreneurial attitude orientation in scope of different dimensions? b) Dose the entrepreneurial attitude orientation differ in scope of every dimension in term of demographic factors? The medium and top level managers of first 10 industrial businesses from members of the Adana Chamber of Industry were included sample group of this study. The basic reason of the selection of Adana as research area is their high intention and help. The numbers of the total medium and top managers in 10 top businesses were 397 and respondent of them were 208. The data collected from sample group by research team using the questionnaire form. The questionnaire form was firstly developed by Robinson et al.(2001) and translated to Turkish by different researchers (Artan, Yener and Aykol, 2008). The questionnaire form was comprised of four dimensions which comply with the Robins’ entrepreneurial attitude orientation scale. Likert scale was used in questionnaire form. Because of different place and region are chosen, the reliability and validity tests were applied again. In order to test the convenience of the data, factor analysis was performed. For this reason, Kaise-Meyer-Olkin and Barlett tests carried out. The factors’ KMO convenience was found high than 0,50 and Barlett test significant (p<0,05). According to the results of the factor analyze, the four factors were found. Findings about the demographic features of sample group are given table 2. According to the Table 2, the sample group was comprised 65,4 % male, 34,6 % female; 38,5 % single, 61,5 % married; 48,1% 21–30 age, 21,2% 31–40 age, 21,2% 41–50 age, 9,6% 51 age and up; 21,2 % High School graduate, 53,8 % University graduate, and 25,0% High Graduate managers. Results The general evaluation of the sample group for statements was given in Table 3. Managers’ propensity means to be entrepreneur was found higher than average. According to the Table 3, the means of the statement of “I make friendship with people who are innovative and take pleasure of their jobs” (4,17) was found the highest among others. It was followed respectively by statements of “I think about new ideas to improve my job and that makes me happy (4,15) ”, “ I am interested in different issues, problems and their solutions that nobody interest in, and it gives me pleasure (4,15)”. All of those statements are related to the innovative dimension of entrepreneurship. As a result, it may be said that innovative attitudes of orientation of managers are higher. The lowest agreed statement by managers was determined as “ I am bothered when I get important offers and suggestions (2,94)”. This statement is related to self confidence. In other words, the managers have partially shyness with regard to offerings for them. The means of the entrepreneur dimension is given in Table 4. According to the Table 4, The distinct feature of sample group is to be innovative (4,06) . The results of the multi recreation of the demographic characteristics (independent variables) and entrepreneurial attitude orientation were given at Table 5. The explanation of Table 5 is given following; • As long as age getting older, also achievement is getting higher. • As long as age getting older, innovation is getting lower. • The personal control tendency of female managers is lower than male managers • Self esteem of female managers is lower than male managers • Achievement of married managers is higher than single managers • As long as managers’ education level rises, the self esteem decreases. • As long as managers’ tenure increases, their innovation tendencies increase. • As long as managers’ tenure increases, their self esteem decreases. • As long as managers’ tenure increase, their achievement decreases. Conclusion As a result, general findings of the resea |
| Anahtar Kelimeler |
| Makale Türü | Özgün Makale |
| Makale Alt Türü | Diğer hakemli ulusal dergilerde yayımlanan tam makale |
| Dergi Adı | Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi |
| Dergi ISSN | 1302-1796 |
| Dergi Tarandığı Indeksler | EBSCO |
| Makale Dili | Türkçe |
| Basım Tarihi | 04-2011 |
| Sayı | 25 |
| Sayfalar | 273 / 283 |
