A Critical Overview of the State-of-the-Art Methods for Biogas Purification and Utilization Processes
| Yazarlar (13) |
Doç. Dr. Muhammed Raşit ATELGE
Siirt Üniversitesi, Türkiye |
Halil Şenol
Türkiye |
|
Mohammed Djaafri
|
|
Tülin Avcı Hansu
Türkiye |
|
David Krisa
|
|
Atabani Abdulaziz
|
|
Cigdem Eskicioglu
|
|
Hamdi Muratçobanoğlu
Türkiye |
|
Sebahattin Ünalan
Erciyes Üniversitesi, Türkiye |
|
Slimane Kalloum
|
|
Slimane Kalloum
|
|
Nuri Azbar
Türkiye |
|
Hilal Demir Kıvrak
Türkiye |
| Özet |
| Biogas is one of the most attractive renewable resources due to its ability to convert waste into energy. Biogas is produced during an anaerobic digestion process from different organic waste resources with a combination of mainly CH4 (~50 mol/mol), CO2 (~15 mol/mol), and some trace gasses. The percentage of these trace gases is related to operating conditions and feedstocks. Due to the impurities of the trace gases, raw biogas has to be cleaned before use for many applications. Therefore, the cleaning, upgrading, and utilization of biogas has become an important topic that has been widely studied in recent years. In this review, raw biogas components are investigated in relation to feedstock resources. Then, using recent developments, it describes the cleaning methods that have been used to eliminate unwanted components in biogas. Additionally, the upgrading processes are systematically reviewed according to their technology, recovery range, and state of the art methods in this area, regarding obtaining biomethane from biogas. Furthermore, these upgrading methods have been comprehensively reviewed and compared with each other in terms of electricity consumption and methane losses. This comparison revealed that amine scrubbing is one the most promising methods in terms of methane losses and the energy demand of the system. In the section on biogas utilization, raw biogas and biomethane have been assessed with recently available data from the literature according to their usage areas and methods. It seems that biogas can be used as a biofuel to produce energy via CHP and fuel cells with high efficiency. Moreover, it is able to be utilized in an internal combustion engine which reduces exhaust emissions by using biofuels. Lastly, chemical production such as biomethanol, bioethanol, and higher alcohols are in the development stage for utilization of biogas and are discussed in depth. This review reveals that most biogas utilization approaches are in their early stages. The gaps that require further investigations in the field have been identified and highlighted for future research. |
| Anahtar Kelimeler |
| Biofuels | Biogas components | Purification | Utilization of biogas |
| Makale Türü | Diğer (Teknik, not, yorum, vaka takdimi, editöre mektup, özet, kitap krıtiği, araştırma notu, bilirkişi raporu ve benzeri) |
| Makale Alt Türü | SCI, SSCI, AHCI, SCI-Exp dergilerinde yayımlanan teknik not, editöre mektup, tartışma, vaka takdimi ve özet türünden makale |
| Dergi Adı | Sustainability |
| Dergi ISSN | 2071-1050 |
| Dergi Tarandığı Indeksler | SCI-Expanded |
| Makale Dili | İngilizce |
| Basım Tarihi | 10-2021 |
| Cilt No | 13 |
| Sayı | 20 |
| Sayfalar | 1 / 39 |
| Doi Numarası | 10.3390/su132011515 |
| Makale Linki | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132011515 |
