| Garlic is a rich source of bioactive components such as polyphenols (TPC), flavonoids (TFC), antioxidant enzymes such as ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and minerals, is unique with its pungent odor, high dry matter, long shelf life and strong antioxidant capacity. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of exogenous cysteine (Cys-I, Cys-II, Cys-III) and phenylalanine (Phe-I, Phe-II, and Phe-III) supplements during the growth stages on yield, nutritional quality, pyruvate and proline accumulation, enzyme activity, mineral status, and total antioxidant capacity (FRAP, ABTS: TAC), considering storage stages, by conducting two-year study trials. Results revealed that the Cys and Phe supply improved the bulb and plot yields. TPC, TFC, and proline; APX, CAT, POD, and SOD activities were positively affected by both amino acids. Phe application suppressed pyruvate generation, whereas Cys evoked it. While the Phe supplement improved Na, Cl, P, K, Fe, and Ni content, the Cys boosted Mg, S, Mn, Cu, and Zn content. Further, Cys and Phe exhibited a marked effect in preserving the bioactive chemicals examined during the storage. Results indicated that Cys and Phe increased garlic yield, nutritional quality, and antioxidant capacity of garlic cloves by enhancing antioxidant properties and regulating mineral uptake, which all helped maintain quality criteria during storage. It can be suggested that the use of phenylalanine and cysteine to improve yield and nutritional quality represents a practical approach for enhancing both bulb yield and nutritional content, as well as extending storability. |
Doç. Dr. Nezahat TURFAN
