New 5-iodoisatin-thiosemicarbazones: preparation, spectroscopic characterization, antioxidant, urease inhibition activities, DFT studies, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic simulations

Yakan, Hasan; MUĞLU, Halit; BAKIR, Temel Kan; Yenigün, Semiha; Misbah, Amhimmid Ghayth Amhimmid; ÇAVUŞ, Muhammet Serdar; Özen, Tevfik

doi:10.1007/s11164-025-05761-8

New 5-iodoisatin-thiosemicarbazones: preparation, spectroscopic characterization, antioxidant, urease inhibition activities, DFT studies, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic simulations

Yazarlar (7)

Doç. Dr. Hasan Yakan Ondokuz Mayis Üniversitesi, Türkiye

Prof. Dr. Halit MUĞLU Kastamonu Üniversitesi, Türkiye

Prof. Dr. Temel Kan BAKIR Kastamonu Üniversitesi, Türkiye

Semiha Yenigün
Ondokuz Mayis Üniversitesi, Türkiye

Amhimmid Ghayth Amhimmid Misbah
Kastamonu Üniversitesi, Türkiye

Prof. Dr. Muhammet Serdar ÇAVUŞ Kastamonu Üniversitesi, Türkiye

Prof. Dr. Tevfik Özen Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Türkiye

Makale Türü	Özgün Makale (SSCI, AHCI, SCI, SCI-Exp dergilerinde yayınlanan tam makale)
Dergi Adı	Research on Chemical Intermediates (Q2)
Dergi ISSN	0922-6168 Wos Dergi Scopus Dergi
Dergi Tarandığı Indeksler	SCI-Expanded
Makale Dili	İngilizce	Basım Tarihi	01-2026
Cilt / Sayı / Sayfa	52 / 1 / 631–661	DOI	10.1007/s11164-025-05761-8
Makale Linki	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-025-05761-8

Özet

New isatin-thiosemicarbazone compounds (1–7) were synthesized from numerous thiosemicarbazides and 5-iodoisatin with high yields and efficient methods. The compounds' structures were characterized through FT-IR, ¹H NMR, and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy, supported by elemental analysis. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed to investigate the structural and electronic properties of the compounds, with a discussion on their correlation to antioxidant activity. The antioxidant potential of the synthesized compounds was evaluated in vitro using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH^.) free radical scavenging assay. These compounds exhibited IC50 values ranging from 15.36 ± 0.03 to 22.46 ± 0.05 μM, with compound 7 demonstrating the best antioxidant activity among them. The free radical scavenging effects of the compounds, based on their IC50 values, followed the order: 7 > 4 > 6 > 5 > 3 > 2 > 1. Urease inhibition of the samples and their interactions with urease were examined, and it was determined that compound 2 showed the best inhibition effect and interaction as 1.62 ± 0.05 µg/mL and − 7.70 kcal/mol, respectively. Molecular docking was used to ascertain how each molecule interacted with the active areas of the urease enzymes. In addition, molecular dynamics simulation was performed to determine the state of the complex it formed with the enzyme. The current study determined that in vivo biochemical tests of effective thiosemicarbazones could be used to evaluate useful application sectors such as the biological and pharmaceutical fields.

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Atıf Sayıları
Scopus	1

New 5-iodoisatin-thiosemicarbazones: preparation, spectroscopic characterization, antioxidant, urease inhibition activities, DFT studies, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic simulations

Dergi Adı	RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES
Yayıncı	Springer Netherlands
Açık Erişim	Hayır
ISSN	0922-6168
E-ISSN	1568-5675
CiteScore	5,7
SJR	0,528
SNIP	0,724

New 5-iodoisatin-thiosemicarbazones: preparation, spectroscopic characterization, antioxidant, urease inhibition activities, DFT studies, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic simulations

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