Organ-Based Accumulation, Translocation, and Associated Health Risk of Al, Ni, and Zn in Tomatoes, Peppers, Eggplants, Cucumbers, and Corn from an Industrial Zone in Düzce, Türkiye
Yazarlar (8)
Harun Demirci Kastamonu Üniversitesi, Türkiye
Prof. Dr. Hakan ŞEVİK Kastamonu Üniversitesi, Türkiye
Doç. Dr. Ismail Koc Düzce Üniversitesi, Türkiye
Handan Ucun Ozel Bartin Üniversitesi, Türkiye
Doç. Dr. Ramazan ERDEM Kastamonu Üniversitesi, Türkiye
Doç. Dr. Fatih Adiguzel Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi, Türkiye
Erol Imren Bartin Üniversitesi, Türkiye
Prof. Dr. Halil Baris Ozel Bartin Üniversitesi, Türkiye
| Makale Türü |
Özgün Makale
(SSCI, AHCI, SCI, SCI-Exp dergilerinde yayınlanan tam makale)
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| Dergi Adı | Foods (Q1) | ||
| Dergi ISSN | 2304-8158 Wos Dergi Scopus Dergi | ||
| Makale Dili | İngilizce | Basım Tarihi | 01-2026 |
| Cilt / Sayı / Sayfa | 15 / 2 / 196–0 | DOI | 10.3390/foods15020196 |
| Makale Linki | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/15/2/196 | ||
| UAK Araştırma Alanları |
Ziraat, Orman ve Su Ürünleri
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| Özet |
| Heavy metals are among the most hazardous pollutants to human health and can be particularly harmful when inhaled or ingested. Therefore, the concentrations of heavy metals in fruits and vegetables grown in regions with high levels of heavy metal pollution should be carefully examined. This study investigated the variation in aluminum (Al), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn) concentrations by species and organ in tomatoes, peppers, eggplants, cucumbers, and corn grown near the industrial zone in Düzce, a heavily polluted city in Europe. We determined bioconcentration factors (BCFs) and translocation factors (TFs) in plant organs and assessed the health risk through the Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) and Hazard Index (HI). The results show that Al pollution in the region significantly exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) and European Union (EU) limit values, and accumulated in all plant organs, including fruits. Furthermore, high levels of metals were translocated from the soil into the organs of peppers and tomatoes. The HI indicated a potential non-carcinogenic health risk (HI > 1) from the consumption of tomatoes, cucumbers, and peppers, primarily driven by Ni. Based on these results, it is recommended that local authorities address Al pollution in the region, avoiding the cultivation of tomatoes and peppers and instead cultivating corn and eggplant. We also observed that Zn levels were very high in the aerial parts of the plants, reaching up to 90% compared to Ni and Al. This study underscores the need to reduce Zn absorption rates, as dietary intake can pose a significant threat to human health. |
| Anahtar Kelimeler |
| bioconcentration factor | hazard index | heavy metals | target hazard quotient translocation factor |
BM Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
| Atıf Sayıları | |
| Web of Science | 3 |
| Scopus | 3 |
| Google Scholar | 2 |