The Relationship between Health Expenditures and Economic Growth in EU Countries: Empirical Evidence Using Panel Fourier Toda-Yamamoto Causality Test and Regression Models
Yazarlar (9)
Doç. Dr. Ayfer Özyılmaz Kocaeli Üniversitesi, Türkiye
Prof. Dr. Yüksel Bayraktar İstanbul Üniversitesi, Türkiye
Doç. Dr. Esme Işık Malatya Turgut Özal Üniversitesi, Türkiye
Prof. Dr. Metin Toprak İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim Üniversitesi, Türkiye
Doç. Dr. Mehmet Bilal Er Harran Üniversitesi, Türkiye
Prof. Dr. Furkan Beşel Sakarya Üniversitesi, Türkiye
Prof. Dr. Serdar Aydın Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri
Öğr. Gör. Dr. Mehmet Fırat OLGUN Kastamonu Üniversitesi, Türkiye
Sandra Collins
Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri
Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri
| Makale Türü |
Özgün Makale
(SSCI, AHCI, SCI, SCI-Exp dergilerinde yayınlanan tam makale)
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| Dergi Adı | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (Q1) | ||
| Dergi ISSN | 1661-7827 | ||
| Dergi Tarandığı Indeksler | SSCI | ||
| Makale Dili | İngilizce | Basım Tarihi | 11-2022 |
| Kabul Tarihi | – | Yayınlanma Tarihi | 16-11-2022 |
| Cilt / Sayı / Sayfa | 19 / 22 / 15091–0 | DOI | 10.3390/ijerph192215091 |
| Makale Linki | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192215091 | ||
| UAK Araştırma Alanları |
Sağlık Ekonomisi
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| Özet |
| The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of health expenditures on economic growth in the period 2000–2019 in 27 European Union (EU) countries. First, the causality relationship between the variables was analyzed using the panel Fourier Toda–Yamamoto Causality test. The findings demonstrate a bidirectional causality relationship between health expenditures and economic growth on a panel basis. Secondly, the effects of health expenditures on economic growth were examined using the Random Forest Method for the panel and then for each country. According to the Random Forest Method, health expenditures positively affected economic growth, but on the country basis, the effect was different. Then, government health expenditures, private health expenditures, and out-of-pocket expenditures were used, and these three variables were ranked in order of importance in terms of their effects on growth using the Random Forest Method. Accordingly, government health expenditures were the most important variable for economic growth. Finally, Support Vector Regression, Gaussian Process Regression, and Decision Tree Regression models were designed for the simulation of the data used in this study, and the performances of the designed models were analyzed. |
| Anahtar Kelimeler |
| causality | economic growth | health expenditures | regression models |
BM Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
| Atıf Sayıları | |
| Web of Science | 15 |
| Scopus | 20 |
| Google Scholar | 51 |